Robert Maronpot

Highlights • Bacterial cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) is used to produce a water soluble form of glycosylated isoquercitrin. • Genotoxicity battery on CGTase and sodium sulfate negative for mutations and DNA damage. • No evidence of systemic toxicity in 90-day rat toxicity study of CGTase Introduction Microbiologically derived cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) is used commercially as a processing [...]

Historically, there has been confusion relating to the diagnostic nomenclature for individual cell death. Toxicologic pathologists have generally used the terms ‘‘single cell necrosis’’ and ‘‘apoptosis’’ interchangeably. Increased research on the mechanisms of cell death in recent years has led to the understanding that apoptosis and necrosis involve different cellular pathways and that [...]

Myricitrin, a flavonol rhamnoside of myricetin extracted from the Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Siebold) plant, has been used in Japan since 1992 as a flavour modifier in snack foods, dairy products, and beverages. It is affirmed as generally recognised as safe (GRAS) by the US Flavour and Extract Manufacturer Association (FEMA) and is [...]

Myricitrin, a flavonoid extracted from the fruit, leaves, and bark of Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra SIEBOLD), is currently used as a flavor modifier in snack foods, dairy products, and beverages in Japan. Myricitrin is converted to myricetin by intestinal microflora; myricetin also occurs ubiquitously in plants and is consumed in fruits, vegetables, and beverages. [...]

The plant Angelica keiskei contains two main physiologically active flavonoid chalcones, 4-hydroxyderricin and xanthoangelol. Known as ashitaba in Japan, powder from the sap is widely consumed for its medicinal properties in Asia as a dietary supplement. Limited previously reported mammalian studies were without evidence of toxicity. GLP studies reported here, including a bacterial [...]

Rodents have been used extensively in virtually all fields of biomedical research and have been the primary species used in toxicologic and carcinogenic research. Over many years it has become obvious that some conditions and in particular some tumors in rodents have questionable relevance in humans. Some of these include peroxisome proliferatoractivator receptor-α [...]

Acrylamide is an important chemical with widespread industrial and other uses in addition to generalized population exposure from certain cooked foods. Previous rat studies to assess the carcinogenic potential of acrylamide have been carried out exclusively in the Fischer 344 rat with identification of a number of tumors amongst which mesotheliomas of the [...]

Catherine Tempel-Brami, Yael S. Schiffenbauer, Abraham Nyska, Nati Ezov, Itai Spector, Rinat abramovitch, and Robert R. Maronpot Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used in preclinical research and drug development and is a powerful noninvasive method for assessment of phenotypes and therapeutic efficacy in murine models of disease. In vivo MRI provides an [...]

Abstract The use of biodegradable materials is gaining popularity in medicine, especially in orthopedic applications. However, preclinical evaluation of biodegradable materials can be challenging, since they are located in close contact with host tissues and might be implanted for a long period of time. Evaluation of these compounds requires biodegradability and biocompatibility studies [...]

Toxicologic pathology is the art of assessment of potential adverse effects at the tissue level in pre-clinical studies. In the case of biomaterials and medical devices, the toxicologic pathologists assess the safety (biocompatibility) and efficacy (conditions of the use) of the implantable materials. Proper assessment of biocompatibility of biomaterials is of utmost importance, [...]