Long-term Local and Systemic Safety of Poly(L-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) after Subcutaneous and Intra-articular Implantation in Rats
Abstract The use of biodegradable materials is gaining popularity in medicine, especially in orthopedic applications. However, preclinical evaluation of biodegradable materials can be challenging, since they are located in close contact with host [...]
Histopathology of biodegradable polymers: challenges in interpretation and the use of a novel compact MRI for biocompatibility evaluation
Toxicologic pathology is the art of assessment of potential adverse effects at the tissue level in pre-clinical studies. In the case of biomaterials and medical devices, the toxicologic pathologists assess the safety (biocompatibility) [...]
The Role of the Toxicologic Pathologist in the Post-Genomic Era
An era can be defined as a period in time identified by distinctive character, events, or practices. We are now in the genomic era. The pre-genomic era: There was a pre-genomic era. It [...]
In Vivo Noninvasive Detection of Brown Adipose Tissue through Intermolecular Zero-Quantum MRI
Rosa T. Branca , Le Zhang, Warren S. Warren, Edward Auerbach, Arjun Khanna, Simone Degan, Kamil Ugurbil, Robert Maronpot The recent discovery of active Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) in adult humans has opened [...]
Carcinogenesis: Mechanisms and Manifestations
We foresee cancer research as an increasingly logical science, in which complexities are manifestations of a small set of underlying organizing principles. (Hanahan and Weinberg, 2011) 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Overview Cancer is a major [...]
Proceedings of the 2013 Joint JSTP/NTP Satellite Symposium
The first joint Japanese Society of Toxicologic Pathology (JSTP) and National Toxicology Program (NTP) Satellite Symposium, entitled “Pathology Potpourri,” was held on January 29th at Okura Frontier Hotel in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, in [...]
Immunohistochemistry on decalcified rat nasal cavity: trials and successes
Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for Casein Kinase 2 alpha (CK2a), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27Kip1), and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) was performed on four levels of decalcified rat nasal cavity from four male [...]
Evaluation Of 90-day Oral Rat Toxicity Studies On The Food Additive, Gum Ghatti
Gum ghatti, a polysaccharide of natural origin, is used in foods as a thickening, gelling, emulsifying and stabilizing agent. In a 90-day toxicity study following Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Guideline [...]
Comparative Histomorphological Review of Rat and Human Hepatocellular Proliferative Lesions
In this comparative review, histomorphological features of common nonneoplastic and neoplastic hepatocyte lesions of rats and humans are examined using H&E-stained slides. The morphological similarities and differences of both neoplastic (hepatocellular carcinoma and [...]
Regulatory Forum Opinion Piece: The Role of the Toxicologic Pathologist in the Postgenomic Era: Challenges and Opportunities*
The “omics,” high-throughput screening, computational modeling, and database mining revolutions have each arrived with euphoric expectations, considerable hand waving, and promises to set toxicity testing priorities and reduce reliance on conventional animal toxicity [...]
Tracheal Morphologic and Protein Alterations Following Short-Term Cigarette Mainstream Smoke Exposure to Rats
A short-term 5-day nose-only cigarette smoke exposure study was conducted in Fisher 344 rats to identify smoke-induced tracheal protein changes. Groups of 10 male and female 5 week old rats were assigned to [...]
Liver Hypertrophy: A Review of Adaptive (Adverse and Non-adverse) Changes—Conclusions from the 3rd International ESTP Expert Workshop
Preclinical toxicity studies have demonstrated that exposure of laboratory animals to liver enzyme inducers during preclinical safety assessment results in a signature of toxicological changes characterized by an increase in liver weight, hepatocellular [...]